There are a lot of Indian dances forms, I will be presenting here only the ones that I teach or perform
Bollywood Dance
Bollywood is the name given to the Bombay based Indian cinema industry. Bollywood films are known for their length (around three hours), their love stories but mostly for showing a lot of music and dance scenes. The '"Bollywood dance style" is actually a very varied form of dance, a fusion of Indian classical dances (such as Kathak, Bharatanatyam etc...) , popular Indian dances (such as Bhangra, garba...) and many other styles depending on the choreographer and the context of the film. Bollywood dance thus offers a large variety and freedom , you can never get bored from it !
Garba and Dandiya
Garba and dandiya dances are both originated from Gujarat and are considered as "religious" dance forms . Indeed it is traditionnally performed in circle around a statue of Goddess Shakti during the Hindu festival of Navratri (the garba lasts then for nine days !). Although nowdays , it is very common to see non-Hindus performing garba and these two dances have been modernized to appear in several Bollywood movies. Dandiya is characterized by the use of colorful "sticks" called dandiyas.
Bhangra
Bhangra is a dance originated from Punjab. It was performed by Sikh and Muslim Punjabi farmers to celebrate spring and the harvest festival to the beat of dhol (Indian drum). Bhangra is a very vigorous and dynamic dance which is now no more only associated with agriculture but a part of all wedding and parties !
Rajasthani folk dances
Rajasthan is a very rich region in various artistic aspects such as music, painting, sculpture, and of course dance. There are several dances which are specific to Rajasthan such as :
Terah Taal : This dance is performed by women as an offer to a local deity named Baba Ramdev. The dancers tie everywhere in their bodies small instruments called "manjiras" and rythmically hit them with another manjira that they hold in the right hand. Terah taal means "thirteen beats" because dancers use thirteen manjiras . It is a very ancient dance, originally performed by the Kamada tribe, known as snake charmers.
Ghoomar : Ghoomar is a dance form originally performed by the Bhil tribe as a worship to Goddess Sarawati. Originating in Marwar, it is traditionally performed during auspicious occasions, including the onset of rains, Diwali, Holi and on a bride's arrival at her marital home.
Kalbeliya : Kalbeliya dance is also known as "Sapera dance" or "Snake charmer dance" and originally performed by a nomad trip of Rajasthan named Kalbeliya. Kalbeliya is performed by women who imitate the moves of snakes